Paul Rukwaro — Engineering notesEngineering notes on distributed systems, retrieval evaluation and reliability, written from self-directed technical study alongside the project library.https://paulrukwaro.com/en-usThe boundary is where modernization risk liveshttps://paulrukwaro.com/notes/boundary-is-where-modernization-risk-lives/https://paulrukwaro.com/notes/boundary-is-where-modernization-risk-lives/A controlled C++/.NET interop study that separates boundary hardening from compiler settings, so a hostile-input comparison and a compiler comparison each isolate exactly one variable.Thu, 10 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMTModernization interopDiagnosing where a retrieval pipeline loses evidencehttps://paulrukwaro.com/notes/diagnosing-retrieval-evidence-loss/https://paulrukwaro.com/notes/diagnosing-retrieval-evidence-loss/An offline evaluation lab that attributes evidence loss to a specific pipeline stage — chunking, retrieval or ranking — using a synthetic corpus with known evidence spans and a predict-then-measure discipline.Thu, 10 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMTRetrieval evaluationDetecting AI answer-quality regressions that don't throw errorshttps://paulrukwaro.com/notes/detecting-ai-quality-regressions-that-dont-throw-errors/https://paulrukwaro.com/notes/detecting-ai-quality-regressions-that-dont-throw-errors/A simulation of the gap between request-level monitoring and answer-quality monitoring, comparing aggregate and topic-sliced drift detectors on deterministic, non-semantic features under a modeled operating budget.Thu, 10 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMTAI observability